Rudra (pseudonym) is late to go to college every day. When you enter the bathroom in the morning, you don’t want to come out. Everyone in the house is upset about this. But the faster Rudra wants to get out of the bathroom, the more late he gets. Every time he uses water to clean himself, dirt seems to stick to him. He repeatedly washes his hands and gives soap, but still does not feel satisfied.
Meanwhile, Anika (pseudonym) has been very quiet for some time. He does not talk to anyone; if asked a question, he only answers with one or two words. Eating has decreased; I wake up many mornings. Muttering and repenting, asking for forgiveness from the Creator But why? It doesn’t tell anyone. It was later heard that many silly thoughts came to his mind; he felt himself a sinner.
Both of the above cases are cleanliness-related. OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder) is a mental illness. The disease can occur at any age. However, this disease is more common in adolescents or before 25 years of age. During puberty, this disease affects girls more than boys.
What is the OCD?
To understand OCD, we need to understand the words ‘obsession’ and ‘compulsion’. Obsessions are abnormal or unacceptable thoughts, images, or compulsions that occur over a long period of time and cannot be removed, even if the patient wants to. A compulsion is a repeated behavior or action that the patient does because of obsession.
A patient with OCD may have obsessions, compulsions, or both. An OCD patient has insight into the disorder, so he or she is aware that the same thoughts or urges or the same abnormal behavior are repeated over and over again but cannot control them.
The obsessions and compulsions of OCD take many forms. Cleaning or cleanliness obsession is the most common. Also checking (checking), skepticism, symmetry (symmetry), calculating, religious, sex-related, tendency to harm, obsessive phobia obsessions. The same patient may have several obsessions simultaneously.
Other Diseases in OCD Patients:
Many factors are responsible for OCD, including congenital, genetic, and brain neurotransmitter (serotonin) imbalances, personality problems, and conditioned learned behavior.
Other mental illnesses often accompany OCD. Such as depression, social phobia, drug addiction (alcoholism), excessive anxiety, phobia, panic disorder, eating disorder, personality disorder (obsessive-compulsive personality disorder), money laundering or tics, Tourette’s syndrome, etc.
Diagnosis:
A patient with OCD keeps repeating the same thoughts, which the sufferer cannot stop or eliminate on their own. Creates restlessness and agitation in the patient. To relieve this disturbance, the patient repeatedly washes his hands, checks the locks of the house, or mutters in his mouth, which gives him temporary peace or relief, and after a while, the same thoughts recur. In this way, the same work is repeated like a cycle, which the patient cannot control by himself.
Disease course:
About half of patients with OCD have a sudden onset. In 50 to 70 percent of cases, symptoms begin after a stressor, such as pregnancy, sexual problems, or the death of a loved one. Many hide the disease for fear of public shame and do not consult a doctor for many years. The disease has a different course for each patient. But it is a chronic and variable disease. Sometimes more or less, sometimes better, sometimes worse, and in some cases, the disease is stable.
Consequences of disease:
About 20 to 30 percent of OCD patients recover completely. 40 to 50 percent of patients improve moderately and lead more or less normal lives. 20 to 30 percent of patients remain unwell and progressively worsen. One year of treatment completely cures 50 percent of patients, as shown by some studies. One-third of OCD patients suffer from major depression. Suicidal tendencies are more common among these patients suffering from depression.
Treatment of OCD patients:
OCD is a treatable disease. As well as psychotherapy, there are several medications approved to treat this disorder. However, the results of two types of combined treatment are more effective than single treatment.
Don’t be shy or hesitant, but if you have OCD, seek psychiatric treatment on time and stay healthy.
Dr. Md. Rashidul Haque: Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Sir Salimullah Medical College
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